It was 143 minutes long and was made on a budget of $55 million (equivalent to $216,000,000 in 2019). He was originally a human man named Harvey Dent, who gained superpowers through a freak accident. ", harvp error: no target: CITEREFEuryAdamsSwan2006 (, harvp error: no target: CITEREFEury2006 (, harvp error: no target: CITEREFWandtke2012 (, Jerry Siegel, in a 1975 interview with Phil Yeh for, John Sikela (p). Although his name and history were taken from his early life with his adoptive Earth parents, everything about Clark was staged for the benefit of his alternate identity: as a reporter for the Daily Planet, he receives late-breaking news before the general public, has a plausible reason to be present at crime scenes, and need not strictly account for his whereabouts as long as he makes his story deadlines. [106] Bud Collyer was the voice actor for Superman in most episodes. In Action Comics #300 (1963), all of his powers including strength are activated by yellow sunlight and can be deactivated by red sunlight similar to that of Krypton's sun. Gabriel, Ariel), who are airborne humanoid agents of good with superhuman powers. His foster parents advised him to use his abilities for the benefit of humanity, and he decided to fight crime as a vigilante. It is the most successful Superman feature film to date in terms of box office revenue adjusted for inflation. "[228], Jules Feiffer has argued that Superman's real innovation lay in the creation of the Clark Kent persona, noting that what "made Superman extraordinary was his point of origin: Clark Kent." Clark's parents taught him that he should use his abilities for altruistic means, but that he should also find some way to safeguard his private life. Shortly after he is born, his planet is destroyed in a natural cataclysm, but Superman's scientist father foresaw the calamity and saves his baby son by sending him to Earth in a small spaceship. [33], In June 1935 Siegel and Shuster finally found work with National Allied Publications, a comic magazine publishing company in New York owned by Malcolm Wheeler-Nicholson. [74] Sales data first became public in 1960, and showed that Superman was the best-selling comic book character of the 1960s and 1970s. This section details the most consistent elements of the Superman narrative in the myriad stories published since 1938. Earth-One ��� Earth-Two ��� Earth-31 ��� Red Son ��� Tangent ��� Calvin Ellis ��� Ultraman ��� Injustice. In 20th century Smallville, the Legionnaires worked with young Clark ��� [101] Joe Shuster defined the aesthetic style of Superman in the 1940s. The Authority, as featured on the cover for the Under New Management trade paperback (Nov. 2000). The production cost up to $325,000[112] (equivalent to $3,458,000 in 2019). [3], The visual design of Superman came from multiple influences. [67] It is unclear whether Siegel and Shuster were influenced by Friedrich Nietzsche's concept of the Übermensch; they never acknowledged as much.[68]. Kid Quantum III In the Second Galaxy, Kid Quantum II rose to the challenge. This was normal practice in the business, and Siegel and Shuster had given away the copyrights to their previous works as well[50] (see the Copyright issues section of this article for more details on this matter). It starred George Reeves as Superman. The Flash (or simply Flash) is the name of several superheroes appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics.Created by writer Gardner Fox and artist Harry Lampert, the original Flash first appeared in Flash Comics #1 (cover date January 1940/release month November 1939). To celebrate his 50th anniversary, Ruby-Spears produced an animated series partially based on Superman (1978) and post-Crisis Superman comics created by John Byrne. Another classic feat of strength on Superman's part is breaking steel chains. Action Comics and Superman have been published without interruption (ignoring changes to the title and numbering scheme). The very word "superhero" is derived from "Superman". The arrival of Supergirl, who has been confirmed to be not only from Krypton, but also his cousin, has relieved this loneliness somewhat. [243][244], Superman stories have occasionally exhibited Christian themes as well. [204] In the United States, Saturday Night Live has often parodied the figure, with Margot Kidder reprising her role as Lois Lane in a 1979 episode. He was later revived by the Eradicator using Kryptonian technology. DC Comics has on some occasions published crossover stories where different versions of Superman interact with each other using the plot device of parallel universes. [240] The historian Larry Tye suggests that this "Voice of God" is an allusion to Moses' role as a prophet. Schwartz allowed stories with serious drama such as "For the Man Who Has Everything" (Superman Annual #11), in which the villain Mongul torments Superman with an illusion of happy family life on a living Krypton. The Superman of Earth-Tangent is the name of an alternate version of Superman from the multiverse. Robert Maxwell, who produced the radio serial, was the producer for the first season. And it took no effort it seemed ��� DC Comics sued the Shuster heirs in 2010, and the court ruled in DC's favor on the grounds that the 1992 agreement with the Shuster heirs barred them from terminating the grant.[140]. Siegel and his fellow writers had developed the character with little thought of building a coherent mythology, but as the number of Superman titles and the pool of writers grew, Weisinger demanded a more disciplined approach. Under current US copyright law, Superman is due to enter the public domain in 2033. [235] David Jenemann has offered a contrasting view. ... the quantum Superman. The catalog of Superman's abilities and his strength has varied considerably over the vast body of Superman fiction released since 1938. [79] The comic books are today considered a niche aspect of the Superman franchise due to low readership,[80] though they remain influential as creative engines for the movies and television shows. Art by Frank Quitely. His heirs attempted to take the rights to Superman using the termination provision of the Copyright Act of 1976. Lois & Clark: The New Adventures of Superman aired from 1993 to 1997. The first Japanese superhero TV show was Moonlight Mask in 1958. Notable characters include Ultraman, Kamen Rider, and Sailor Moon. In comics from the early 1970s, Clark worked as a television journalist (an attempt to modernize the character). After the death of his wife, he became dark and vengeful, taking over the world. [144] Supporting characters such as Jimmy Olsen and Supergirl will also lapse into the public domain later, as these characters did not appear in the earliest Superman publications. Quantum is Eric Henderson, a superhero and a member of the duo Quantum and Woody. Many Superman stories since then have depicted Superman and Lois as a married couple, but about as many depict them in the classic love triangle. Versions of the character Superman. The first nine episodes were produced by Fleischer Studios and the next eight were produced by Famous Studios. When writing the script for the 1978 movie, Tom Mankiewicz made it Superman's Kryptonian family crest. The "S" on Superman's chest at first was simply an initial for "Superman". Superman is a fictional superhero, who first appeared in American comic books published by DC Comics. Lucky at leadership��� and love. [85] Joe Shuster drew the early strips, then passed the job to Wayne Boring. [181] The Superman animated shorts from the 1940s were first broadcast on Japanese television in 1955, and they were followed in 1956 by the TV show Adventures of Superman starring George Reeves. The archetypal Lloyd character was a mild-mannered man who finds himself abused by bullies but later in the story snaps and fights back furiously. In 1975, Siegel and a number of other comic book writers and artists launched a public campaign for better compensation and treatment of comic creators. [65], The word "superman" was commonly used in the 1920s and 1930s to describe men of great ability, most often athletes and politicians. A delegation from Consolidated visited Cleveland that summer on a business trip and Siegel and Shuster took the opportunity to present their work in person. [213] Crash Test Dummies' "Superman's Song", from the 1991 album The Ghosts That Haunt Me explores the isolation and commitment inherent in Superman's life. Quantum Queen applied for membership in the Legion of Superheroes with the power to transform into any form of quantum radiation. [97] Weisinger also introduced letters columns in 1958 to encourage feedback and build intimacy with readers.[98]. [210] Other tracks to reference the character include Genesis' "Land of Confusion",[211] the video to which featured a Spitting Image puppet of Ronald Reagan dressed as Superman,[212] "(Wish I Could Fly Like) Superman" by The Kinks on their 1979 album Low Budget and "Superman" by The Clique, a track later covered by R.E.M. In November, Keaton showed his strips to a newspaper syndicate, but they too were rejected, and he abandoned the project. Gaines informed Siegel that McClure had rejected Superman, and asked if he could forward their Superman strips to Liebowitz so that Liebowitz could consider them for Action Comics. [151] New Adventures of Superboy #22 (Oct. 1981) places it in Maryland. National Allied Publications was founded in 1934 by Malcolm Wheeler-Nicholson. From left to right, the Doctor, Swift, Apollo, Jenny Sparks, Midnighter, the Engineer, and Jack Hawksmoor, with the infant Jenny Quantum at the back. Weinstein also posits that Superman's Kryptonian name, "Kal-El", resembles the Hebrew words קל-אל, which can be taken to mean "voice of God". Superman has appeared in a series of direct-to-video animated movies produced by Warner Bros. In the comic story Superman: Birthright, the crest is described as an old Kryptonian symbol for hope. Superman was born on the planet Krypton and was given the name Kal-El at birth. The complicated universe built under Weisinger was beguiling to devoted readers but alienating to casuals. The 1978 Superman movie placed it in Kansas, as have most Superman stories since. In many stories, one or both of them have died by the time Clark becomes Superman. Superheroes are usually judged by how closely they resemble the standard set by Superman. [113] A sequel serial, Atom Man vs. Superman, was released in 1950. Due to Avengers: Endgame's five-year time-jump, Ant-Man and Ant-Man and The Wasp star Abby Ryder Fortson was replaced as Cassie Lang by Chicago Fire's Emma Fuhrmann. [15][16] Although Consolidated expressed interest, they later pulled out of the comics business without ever offering a book deal because the sales of Detective Dan were disappointing. In the 1990s The Death and Return of Superman story arc, after a deadly battle with Doomsday, Superman died in Superman #75 (Jan. 1993). [35] Wheeler-Nicholson published two of their strips in New Fun Comics #6 (1935): "Henri Duval" and "Doctor Occult". [19] The first response came in July 1933 from Leo O'Mealia, who drew the Fu Manchu strip for the Bell Syndicate. Captain's Team. [221], An influence on early Superman stories is the context of the Great Depression. [39][40] Despite the erratic pay, Siegel and Shuster kept working for Wheeler-Nicholson because he was the only publisher who was buying their work, and over the years they produced other adventure strips for his magazines. Carlin was promoted to Executive Editor for the DC Universe books in 1996, a position he held until 2002. Superman Wiki is a FANDOM Comics Community. Thor was initially quite distraught over seeing his world again, even in the face of Rocket's attempts to tell him to pull ��� [214] Five for Fighting released "Superman (It's Not Easy)" in 2000, which is from Superman's point of view, although Superman is never mentioned by name. [241] The suffix "el", meaning "(of) God", is also found in the name of angels (e.g. Clark developed various superhuman abilities, such as incredible strength and impervious skin. From 1986 on (beginning with Man of Steel #1), Superman's powers emerged more slowly and he began his superhero career as an adult. The first story in which Superman dies was published in Superman #149 (1961), in which he is murdered by Lex Luthor by means of kryptonite. Animation called DC Universe Animated Original Movies, beginning with Superman: Doomsday in 2007. Carlson took his place as editor of the Superman comics. Whatever Happened to the Man of Tomorrow? Warner Brothers agreed to give Siegel and Shuster a yearly stipend, full medical benefits, and credit their names in all future Superman productions in exchange for never contesting ownership of Superman. [152] This was carried over into some comic book stories and later movies, such as Man of Steel. The Kents name the boy Clark and raise him in a farming community. Due to financial difficulties, Wheeler-Nicholson formed a corporation with Harry Donenfeld and Jack Liebowitz called Detective Comics, Inc. In 1961, the company changed its name to National Periodical Publications. The judge ruled that Fawcett had indeed infringed on Superman. A few stories feature radically altered versions of Superman. Kal-El was born in 1979 on the planet Krypton into the prestigious House of El to his parents; well-known and renowned scientists Jor-El and Lara Van-El. As Clark Kent, he wears eyeglasses to disguise his face and wears his Superman costume underneath his clothes so that he can change at a moment's notice. This was the most successful and longest-running animated version of Superman.[115]. Superman and Batman versus Aliens and Predator, Superman vs. In some stories, Superman is said to project an aura that renders invulnerable any tight-fitting clothes he wears, and hence his costume is as durable as he is despite being made of common cloth. While he protected the world from crime, he was still tyrannical, not allowing any freedom of thought. The commercial aired during the 1998 NFL Playoffs and Super Bowl, Superman animated in the style of artist Curt Swan, again at the request of Seinfeld. Adventures of Superman, which aired from 1952 to 1958, was the first television series based on a superhero. To deflect suspicion that he is Superman, Clark Kent adopted a largely passive and introverted personality with conservative mannerisms, a higher-pitched voice, and a slight slouch. [3], As a boy, Shuster was interested in fitness culture[63] and a fan of strongmen such as Siegmund Breitbart and Joseph Greenstein. DC Comics fired Siegel when he filed this second lawsuit. The time-machine appears on a road where it is discovered by motorists Sam and Molly Kent. [1][51][52], Siegel and Shuster read pulp science-fiction and adventure magazines, and many stories featured characters with fantastical abilities such as telepathy, clairvoyance, and superhuman strength. Ellsworth toned down the violence of the show to make it more suitable for children, though he still aimed for a general audience. A color Sunday version was added that November. Wonder Woman: The Official Cookbook The show was targeted at young adults. This made comic books less accessible to children. After the show's cancellation, this version of Superman appeared in the sequel shows Batman Beyond (voiced by Christopher McDonald) aired from 1999 to 2001 and Justice League and Justice League Unlimited (voiced by George Newbern), which ran from 2001 to 2006. This prompted Siegel to revisit Superman as a comic strip character. Superman is also vulnerable to magic. These traits extended into Clark's wardrobe, which typically consists of a bland-colored business suit, a red necktie, black-rimmed glasses, combed-back hair, and occasionally a fedora. [86] From 1949 to 1956, the newspaper strips were drawn by Win Mortimer. Grayling notes the period after the Cold War as being one where "matters become merely personal: the task of pitting his brawn against the brains of Lex Luthor and Brainiac appeared to be independent of bigger questions", and discusses events post 9/11, stating that as a nation "caught between the terrifying George W. Bush and the terrorist Osama bin Laden, America is in earnest need of a Saviour for everything from the minor inconveniences to the major horrors of world catastrophe. The trial began in March 1948 after seven years of discovery. [59][60] Another inspiration was slapstick comedian Harold Lloyd. The character was created by writer Jerry Siegel and artist Joe Shuster, and first appeared in the comic book Action Comics #1 (cover-dated June 1938 and published April 18, 1938). From his new perspective, he built himself a better body, retaining his quantum senses. This same loss, combined with the pressure of using his powers responsibly, has caused Superman to feel lonely on Earth, despite having his friends and parents. The Kents teach Clark he must conceal his otherworldly origins and use his fantastic powers to do good. Furthermore, Fawcett knew that DC Comics never intended to abandon the copyrights, and therefore Fawcett's infringement was not an innocent misunderstanding, and therefore Fawcett owed damages to DC Comics. Superman's face was based on Johnny Weissmuller with touches derived from the comic-strip character Dick Tracy and from the work of cartoonist Roy Crane. What's So Funny About Truth, Justice & the American Way? Superman has been interpreted and discussed in many forms in the years since his debut, with Umberto Eco noting that "he can be seen as the representative of all his similars". Superman has appeared in later games in a co-starring role, such as Injustice 2 (2017). Action Comics and Superman carried messages urging readers to buy war bonds and participate in scrap drives. The first and oldest of these is Action Comics, which began in April 1938. The details Superman's story and supporting cast vary across his large body of fiction released since 1938, but most versions conform to the basic template described above. Thor Odinson and Rocket used the Quantum Realm to travel to Asgard, shortly before the Dark Elves assaulted the world, in order to retrieve the Reality Stone. This Elseworlds story is a deconstructionist tale set in a future that ��� It was produced by Alexander and Ilya Salkind, the same men who had produced the Superman movies starring Christopher Reeve. [132], In a contract dated 1 March 1938, Jerry Siegel and Joe Shuster gave away the copyright to Superman to their employer, DC Comics (then known as Detective Comics, Inc.[b]) prior to Superman's first publication in April. Clark Kent resides in the fictional American city of Metropolis, where he works as a journalist for the Daily Planet. [123][124] The show covered Clark Kent's life prior to becoming Superman, spanning ten years from his high school years in Smallville to his early life in Metropolis. The appeals court ruled that unintentional mistakes in the copyright notices of the newspaper strips did not invalidate the copyrights. [200] The first popular parody was Mighty Mouse, introduced in "The Mouse of Tomorrow" animated short in 1942. [131], During World War II, Superman was used to support the war effort. [176][177] This was a common plot in comic book stories prior to the 1970s. [95] Weisinger assigned story ideas, and the logic of Superman's powers, his origin, the locales, and his relationships with his growing cast of supporting characters were carefully planned. His retirement coincided with DC Comics' decision to streamline the shared continuity called the DC Universe with the companywide-crossover storyline "Crisis on Infinite Earths". Team of Superman archetype heroes from different parallel earths gathered together to save DC's Multiverse from the Final ... Superman Beyond 3D. [180] Superman's first alien villain, Brainiac, debuted in Action Comics #242 (July 1958). on its 1986 album Lifes Rich Pageant. [135][136], Siegel wrote most of the magazine and daily newspaper stories until he was conscripted into the army in 1943, whereupon the task was passed to ghostwriters. From 1944 to 1986, DC Comics regularly published stories of Superman's childhood and adolescent adventures, when he called himself "Superboy". 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